Systolic Function: Difference between revisions

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-https://cumparapermisconducere.com/
+==The Left Ventricle==
-https://carta-conducao.com/
+Each echocardiogram should include an evaluation of the LV dimensions, wall thicknesses and function.
-https://kupeteshoforskaknizhka.com/
+Several (read: different) measurements have to be performed from different views to asses a good estimate of LV function.
-https://comprarcartaconducaoo.com/
+==Left ventricular systolic function==
+===Left ventricular function===
-https://kobkorekort.com/
+{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="700px"
+|-
+!rowspan="2"|
+!colspan="4"|Women
+!colspan="4"|Men
+|-
+|align="center"|'''Reference range'''
+|align="center"|'''Mildly abnormal'''
+|align="center"|'''Moderately abnormal'''
+|align="center"|'''Severely abnormal'''
+|align="center"|'''Reference range'''
+|align="center"|'''Mildly abnormal'''
+|align="center"|'''Moderately abnormal'''
+|align="center"|'''Severely abnormal'''
+|-
+|colspan="9"|'''Linear method'''
+|-
+|Wallmotion score index
+|align="center"|1.0
+|align="center"|1.0-1.5
+|align="center"|1.5-2.0
+|align="center"|<2.0
+|align="center"|1.0
+|align="center"|1.0-1.5
+|align="center"|1.5-2.0
+|align="center"|<2.0
+|-
+|Endocardial fractional shortening, %
+|align="center"|27-45
+|align="center"|22-26
+|align="center"|17-21
+|align="center"|≤16
+|align="center"|25-43
+|align="center"|20-24
+|align="center"|15-19
+|align="center"|≤14
+|-
+|Midwall fractional shortening, %
+|align="center"|15-23
+|align="center"|13-14
+|align="center"|11-12
+|align="center"|≤10
+|align="center"|14-22
+|align="center"|12-13
+|align="center"|10-11
+|align="center"|≤10
+|-
+|colspan="9"|'''2D Method'''
+|-
+!Ejection fraction, %
+!≥55
+!45–54
+!30–44
+!<30
+!≥55
+!45–54
+!30–44
+!<30
+|-
+|colspan="9"|'''Doppler Method'''
+|-
+|Myocard performance index
+|align="center"|<0.40
+|
+|
+|
+|align="center"|<0.40
+|
+|
+|
+|-
+|dP/dt
+|align="center"|>1100
+|
+|
+|align="center"|<500
+|align="center"|>1100
+|
+|
+|align="center"|<500
+|-
+|colspan="9"|'''Bold values:''' Recommended and best validated.<cite>1</cite>
+*Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=lvefdm '''here'''] for ejection fraction determination by Teichholz 'formula
+*Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=dpdtlvc '''here'''] for calculating dP/dt
+*Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=mpiteilv '''here'''] for calculation myocardial performance index
+*Click [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=lvfs '''here'''] to calculate fractional shortening.
+|}
-https://acheterpermisconduireligne.com/
+===Left ventricular function by Strain Rate Imaging===
-https://fuhrerscheinkaufenb.com/
+{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" width="700px"
+|-
+!colspan="6"|Comparison of segmental Values (mean and SD) for LV strain (TQ<3), with a repeated measures design.<cite>2</cite>
+|-
+!
+!All Levels
+!Apical
+!Mid
+!Basal
+!pValue (Levels)
+|-
+|All Walls
+|align="center"| -18.6±5.1
+|align="center"| -20.2±5.6
+|align="center"| -18.7±3.3
+|align="center"| -17.0±5.2
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|-
+|Anterior
+|align="center"| -19.5±4.2
+|align="center"| -19.4±5.4
+|align="center"| -18.8±3.4
+|align="center"| -20.1±4.0
+|align="center"|0.001
+|-
+|Anteroseptal
+|align="center"| -18.8±4.2
+|align="center"| -18.8±5.9
+|align="center"| -19.4±3.2
+|align="center"| -18.3±3.5
+|align="center"|0.001
+|-
+|Inferior
+|align="center"| -20.0±4.5*
+|align="center"| -22.5±4.5
+|align="center"| -20.4±3.5
+|align="center"| -17.1±3.9
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|-
+|Lateral
+|align="center"| -18.3±4.7
+|align="center"| -19.2±5.4
+|align="center"| -18.1±3.5
+|align="center"| -17.3±5.0
+|align="center"|0.06
+|-
+|Posterior
+|align="center"| -16.3±6.3†
+|align="center"| -17.7±6.0
+|align="center"| -16.8±5.0
+|align="center"| -14.5±7.4
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|-
+|Septal
+|align="center"| -18.3±5.3
+|align="center"| -22.3±4.8
+|align="center"| -18.7±3.0
+|align="center"| -13.7±4.0
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|-
+|p (walls)
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|align="center"|<0.0001
+|-
+|colspan="6"|*inferior was significantly different from other walls (p<0.001 except anterior p+0.002), in the comparison of walls at all levels.†Posterior was significantly different from all other walls (p<0.0001). In the comparison oflevels in all walls, each level was significantly different (p <0.0001). LV=left ventricular, TQ=tracking quality.
+|}
-https://comprarepatenteitalia.com/
+==References==
+<biblio>
-https://kjopforerkort.com/
+#1 pmid=16458610
+#2 pmid=19356538
-https://comprarepatenteitalia.com/
+</biblio>
-https://kopregistreratkorkort.com/
-https://comprarlicenciadeconducirb.com/
-https://ostaajokorttikorkort.com/
-https://kjopforerkortb.com/
-https://kobkorekort.com/
-https://cumparapermisconducere.com/
-https://carta-conducao.com/
-https://kupeteshoforskaknizhka.com/
-https://comprarcartaconducaoo.com/
-https://kobkorekort.com/
-https://acheterpermisconduireligne.com/