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Normal Values: Difference between revisions
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| colspan="5" | <ul><li><em>CW</em>, Continuous wave; <em>EROA</em>, effective regurgitant orifice area; <em>LA</em>, left atrium; <em>LV</em>, left ventricle; <em>MV</em>, mitral valve; <em>MR</em>, mitral regurgitation; <em>R Vol</em>, regurgitant volume; <em>RF</em>, regurgitant fraction.</li></ul> | | colspan="5" | <ul><li><em>CW</em>, Continuous wave; <em>EROA</em>, effective regurgitant orifice area; <em>LA</em>, left atrium; <em>LV</em>, left ventricle; <em>MV</em>, mitral valve; <em>MR</em>, mitral regurgitation; <em>R Vol</em>, regurgitant volume; <em>RF</em>, regurgitant fraction.</li></ul> | ||
<sup>∗</sup> LV size applied only to chronic lesions. Normal 2D measurements: LV minor axis ≤ 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, LV end-diastolic volume ≤ 82 ml/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal LA antero-posterior diameter ≤ 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal LA volume ≤ 36 ml/m<sup>2</sup> (2;33;35).<br/> | <sup>∗</sup> LV size applied only to chronic lesions. Normal 2D measurements: LV minor axis ≤ 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, LV end-diastolic volume ≤ 82 ml/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal LA antero-posterior diameter ≤ 2.8 cm/m<sup>2</sup>, maximal <br/>LA volume ≤ 36 ml/m<sup>2</sup> (2;33;35). | ||
<sup>∗∗</sup> In the absence of other etiologies of LV and LA dilatation and acute MR.<br/> | <br/> | ||
<sup>ψ</sup> At a Nyquist limit of 50-60 cm/s.<br/> | <sup>∗∗</sup> In the absence of other etiologies of LV and LA dilatation and acute MR. | ||
<sup>Φ</sup> Usually above 50 years of age or in conditions of impaired relaxation, in the absence of mitral stenosis or other causes of elevated LA pressure.<br/> | <br/> | ||
<sup>ς</sup> Minimal and large flow convergence defined as a flow convergence radius < 0.4 cm and ≤ 0.9 cm for central jets, respectively, with a baseline shift at a Nyquist of 40 cm/s; Cut-offs for eccentric jets are higher, and should be angle corrected (see text).<br/> | <sup>ψ</sup> At a Nyquist limit of 50-60 cm/s. | ||
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<sup>Φ</sup> Usually above 50 years of age or in conditions of impaired relaxation, in the absence of mitral stenosis or other causes of elevated LA pressure. | |||
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<sup>ς</sup> Minimal and large flow convergence defined as a flow convergence radius < 0.4 cm and ≤ 0.9 cm for central jets, respectively, with a baseline shift at a Nyquist of 40 cm/s; Cut-offs for <br/>eccentric jets are higher, and should be angle corrected (see text). | |||
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<sup>φ</sup> Quantitative parameters can help sub-classify the moderate regurgitation group into mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe as shown. | <sup>φ</sup> Quantitative parameters can help sub-classify the moderate regurgitation group into mild-to-moderate and moderate-to-severe as shown. | ||