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Parasternal short axis: Difference between revisions
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|mainauthor= [[user:Vdbilt|I.A.C. van der Bilt]] | |mainauthor= [[user:Vdbilt|I.A.C. van der Bilt]] | ||
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==Purposes of Getting a Good Parasternal Short Axis View== | ==Purposes of Getting a Good Parasternal Short Axis View== | ||
The parasternal short axis view is the cross-sectional view of the heart. It analyzes the different sections of the heart from the base to the apex. This view is useful in helping with the diagnosis of mitral stenosis and congenital heart disease, among others. | The parasternal short axis view is the cross-sectional view of the heart. It analyzes the different sections of the heart from the base to the apex. This view is useful in helping with the diagnosis of mitral stenosis and congenital heart disease, among others. | ||
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==Levels of Imaging in PSS== | ==Levels of Imaging in PSS== | ||
Theoretically, there are numerous short axes between the apex and base of the heart. | Theoretically, there are numerous short axes between the apex and base of the heart. However, the parasternal short axis view (SAX) is usually made on three levels: mitral valve level, midpapillary level, and aortic level. | ||
==Mitral Valve Level== | ==Mitral Valve Level== | ||
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==Aortic Level== | ==Aortic Level== | ||
[[Image:Heart_aortic_short_axis_section.jpg|thumb|left|Heart aortic short axis]] | [[Image:Heart_aortic_short_axis_section.jpg|thumb|left|Heart aortic short axis]] | ||
The base of the heart or the aortic level of the parasternal long axis view can be visualized by tilting the transducer toward the patient’s right shoulder and by rotating it | The base of the heart or the aortic level of the parasternal long axis view can be visualized by tilting the transducer toward the patient’s right shoulder and by rotating it clockwise. The aortic valve is between the left atrium (anterior) and the right ventricle (posterior). The aortic valve and its three leaflets are part of the so-called Y-shape configuration composed of the coronary in the upper region, right coronary in the lower left, and non-coronary in the left. The following conditions can be assessed using the aortic level of the parasternal short axis view: aortic root size, structural alterations of the Valsalva sinus, proximal aortic dissection, and presence of anomalies of the aortic valve and abnormalities of the valve leaflets. | ||
Aside from the aortic valve, the other structures that may be observed from this level are the tricuspid valve (at the left of the aortic valve and above the posteroseptal leaflet), right ventricular outflow tract (along the aortic root), pulmonary valve (at the right and anterior to the aortic valve), and pulmonary artery and both its left and right branches (around the aorta). | Aside from the aortic valve, the other structures that may be observed from this level are the tricuspid valve (at the left of the aortic valve and above the posteroseptal leaflet), right ventricular outflow tract (along the aortic root), pulmonary valve (at the right and anterior to the aortic valve), and the pulmonary artery and both its left and right branches (around the aorta). | ||
This view is often omitted and is hard to | This view is often omitted and is hard to acquire. | ||
{{IncludeFlash | {{IncludeFlash | ||
|flash_string=<flash>file=SAXAP_normal.swf|quality=best|align=left|width=300|height=200</flash> | |flash_string=<flash>file=SAXAP_normal.swf|quality=best|align=left|width=300|height=200</flash> | ||