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Cardiomyopathy: Difference between revisions
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Click [http://www.cardiogenetica.nl/index.php?menuID=2 '''here'''] for detailed information on various cardiomyopathy. Listed below are the main disorders and their characteristics with examples. | Click [http://www.cardiogenetica.nl/index.php?menuID=2 '''here'''] for detailed information on various cardiomyopathy. Listed below are the main disorders and their characteristics with examples. | ||
{| class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" | |||
|- | |||
!Condition | |||
!Features | |||
!Example | |||
|- | |||
Arrythmogene right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) | |||
Fibro - fatty degeneration" of the RV . | |||
Myocardial degeneration leads to RV dilation and poor RVF . | |||
Ventricular fibrillation by slow conduction velocities , guide block and spatial variation in conduction velocity . | |||
Aneurysms of the RV free wall . | |||
Echo Dens moderator band and myocardial RV free wall . | |||
genetic component | |||
Rare 1 : 5000 people. | |||
Echodense RV free wall for suspected ARVC | |||
ARVCstrain | |||
Decreased RV strain in ARVC | |||
Dilated cardiomyopathy ( DCM ) | |||
It is the most common form of cardiomyopathy. | |||
Also known as congestive cardiomyopathy called | |||
Poor LVF and LV dilatation . | |||
Arrhythmias ( atrial fibrillation 20-30 % ) . | |||
Clot formation, which may lead to thrombo -embolic complications. | |||
Often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension , dilation of other compartments , and an insufficiency of mitral and / or tricuspid valve | |||
Familial DCM 's common to autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and sex-linked inheritance . | |||
causes: | |||
( post - ) infectious : various viruses and bacteria , as the final stage of myocarditis. | |||
intoxication : cocaine, alcohol abuse . | |||
iatrogenic : some chemostatica , X-ray radiation . | |||
Metabolic : vitamin B1 deficiency . | |||
- idiopathic : In approximately 30 % of cases, no cause is found . | |||
DCM | |||
Dilated LV on AP4CH | |||
DCMplax | |||
Dilated LV on Plax | |||
EPSS | |||
EPSS is a useful measurement at follow up DCM | |||
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( HCM ) | |||
65% Asymmetric hypertrophy of the myocardium, usually ventricular septum sometimes apical involvement . | |||
35 % Symmetrical hypertrophy of the myocardium ( not to be confused with Aortic stenosis or hypertension ) . | |||
Small LV lumen . | |||
Preserved systolic LV function ( EF normal or slightly decreased) | |||
Diastolic dysfunction . | |||
Autosomal dominant progressive deviation from nature . | |||
May include associated with sudden cardiac death due to ventricular fibrillation , an increased risk of thromboembolism . | |||
Heart failure can be caused by the rigidity of the thickened heart muscle ( diastolic heart failure ) , by an obstruction in the LVOT (SAM ) is associated with mitral valvular insufficiency . The course of the disease is progressive . | |||
Occurs in persons 1:500-1000 | |||
asympHCM | |||
asymmetric hypertrophy | |||
HCM | |||
symmetrical hypertrophy | |||
apicaleHCM | |||
apical hypertrophy | |||
Non - compaction cardiomyopathy ( NCCMP ) | |||
LVwand has a spongy appearance . | |||
Jenni criteria ( Heart 2007) . | |||
Also called insulated non compaction of the ventricular myocardium ( INVM ) , is a rare form of congenital heart disease in which the tissue of the ventricular myocardium is constructed in terms of texture well. | |||
After HCM DCM and the most common cause of primary cardiomyopathy in children. | |||
It is a congenital defect , which occurs in the 20th week of pregnancy . | |||
The condition is expressed by heart failure, arrhythmias, and an increased risk of thrombus formation. | |||
The disorder often manifests itself later in life and has a high mortality rate due to heart failure and arrhythmias . | |||
NCCMP | |||
NCCMP with crypts and apical midventriculair | |||
NCCCMP on PSax | |||
restrictive cardiomyopathy | |||
Stiffened myocardium. | |||
This form comes after at least 1 and is usually associated with storage diseases , such as sarcoidosis , amyloidosis , and the like. | |||
Preserved systolic LVF . LV is not dilated . | |||
Diastolic dysfunction ( see fig.) | |||
LV and RV may be hypertrophied . | |||
Dilated atria and VCI . | |||
Pulmonary hypertension . | |||
Myocardial echo during and amyloidosis speckled | |||
restr_cmp_TVI | |||
Abnormally low É in restrictive cmp | |||
Tako- tsubo cardiomyopathy | |||
Tako- tsubo are octopus lure often used in Japan . | |||
Apical ballooning , akinesia of the apex. This gives the LV configuration octopus lure . | |||
manifests itself as an acute myocardial infarction with ST elevations , however, no significant coronary artery disease. | |||
Is more common in women than in men , the average age of 62 to 75 years . | |||
Stressgeïnduceerd , is triggered by an acute illness or intense emotional or physical stress | |||
Also called "broken heart syndrome" or " Stress CMP " called . | |||
LV normalized to several weeks in few days . | |||
takotsubocmp | |||
Apical ballooning | |||
|} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||