Atrial Septal Defect (ASD): Difference between revisions

In an atrial septal defect (ASD), a hole in the atrial septum is oxygen-rich blood that is flowing from LA to RV. The RA, RV and ultimately the lungs, therefore there is more volume of blood to process. ASD is a volume load on the RV.

|colspan="3"|'''ASD is to be divided into four types:'''

ASD can manifest at any age . An ASD comes in 9 % of all congenital heart defects , but for the most common congenital heart disease that often only reflected ( 30 % ) in adulthood .

|colspan="2"|'''Most common ASD'''

A patent foramen ovale , abbreviated to PFO , has a functional defect in the atrial septum, in contrast to an ASD that has an anatomical defect. The septum primum and septum secundum develop from different edges in the embryonic atria . However , the septum secundum does not form a closed portion , there always remains an opening between the two septa. At birth, the inter- atrial pressure is changed and to be pressed against each other , the two septa . In 15-35 % of the population, there still remains a small opening . A PFO is in fact an incomplete fusion of the septum primum and septum secundum .

A PFO is involved with a number of other pathologies such as cerebrovascular accident ( CVA ) , Transient Ischemic Attack ( TIA ) , Caisson Disease ( Decompression sickness among divers ) , Platypneu - orthodeoxiesyndroom and Migraine . There is a direct relationship between the size of the shunt and the risk of stroke .

A PFO can be demonstrated with the aid of contrast by means of a saline solution . There is a PFO if within three cardiac cycles to see a crossing from right to left after administration of contrast.

|colspan="2"|'''Size of PFO'''

!Crossing contrast to PFO <cite>2</cite>

|colspan="2"|'''Considerations'''

Click here for Qp / Qs calculation.

Example of ASD

Closure of ASD occurs with Closure Device. Endocardial tissue grows over the device over .

Source : EC Cheriex , " Left atrium and investigated ," Hamer / Pieper , ' Practical echocardiography , (2006 ) , 1st edition 2nd edition, Wood , Bohn Stafleu of Loghum , p.42 -53 .

#1

#2 pmid=21078836

#3 [http://csecho.ca/cardiomath/?eqnHD=echo&eqnDisp=qpqsecho|Pulmonary-Systemic Flow Ratio (Qp/Qs)]